Trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis) most often affects the ring finger and thumb. It causes the affected finger to catch or lock into a bent position. It may snap open on its own after a few seconds, or you may have to forcibly straighten the finger.
Dr. Jawad Khan is a fellowship-trained surgeon who specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect the hands, wrists, and elbows.
Check out these facts from Dr. Khan about trigger finger: what causes it, who is at risk, and which treatments work.
Trigger finger basics
Fingers and thumbs bend thanks to flexor tendons that run along the palmar surface of each digit. The flexor tendons are encased in a lining, or sheath, that helps them move smoothly through loops of tissue that form a pulley.
Trigger finger occurs when the tendon swells or forms a bump that no longer slides easily through the pulley. It can also happen when the tunnel-like pulley thickens, reducing the space the tendon has to glide through.
Symptoms to watch for include:
Locking or catching sensation when bending the affected digit
Tender lump at the base of the affected finger (palmar side)
Finger or thumb stiffness after inactivity (such as first thing in the morning)
Inability to fully straighten the finger
Finger or thumb pain that can travel into the palm
These symptoms tend to worsen over time without effective treatment.
Causes of trigger finger
Sometimes we can’t identify a reason, but certain groups tend to experience trigger finger more often than average.
For instance, you’re at increased risk if you perform repetitive hand movements at work or when enjoying certain hobbies:
Frequent typing/texting
Gripping tools at work
Knitting or crocheting
Painting
Playing a musical instrument
Certain medical conditions, particularly rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes, also increase your risk of developing trigger finger. Women and individuals over 40 are also more susceptible to trigger finger.
Treating trigger finger
Dr. Khan starts with an evaluation and careful review of your symptoms and medical history. Otherwise, the first step in treating the pain and stiffness associated with trigger finger is often rest.
If you perform repetitive motions, reducing or modifying the activity could help reduce inflammation and swelling.
Sometimes wearing a splint can help your finger or thumb heal and reduce your symptoms. Depending on your situation, Dr. Khan may recommend taking anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to ease the pain and reduce inflammation.
In-office corticosteroid injections can reduce inflammation and ease pain. Physical therapy can help restore strength and flexibility to your hands. We can also help you develop strategies to prevent trigger finger from recurring.
If conservative measures don’t relieve your symptoms adequately or restore pain-free mobility, Dr. Khan may recommend surgery.
Bottom line? Effective treatments for trigger finger are available. Schedule an appointment at Dr. Khan’s Irvine or Fountain Valley office today.
